Following the completion of a small pre-clinical trial testing KGF in an LPS-model of ARDS (ISRCTN98813895), for which results are awaited, a phase II trial has commenced investigating the efficacy and safety of intravenous KGF (palifermin) in ARDS [32] (ISRCTN95690673) (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene FGF7 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.