To mimic the pro-inflammatory and physiopathological consequences of RNA viral infections in the lung such as those induced by RSV infection, we used an experimental model of lung inflammation based on the administration of the artificial toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) ligand and dsRNA analog poly(I:C) [12]. The gene discussed is TLR3; the disease is inflammation.