In view of the importance of the 4E-BPs for the control of proliferation of untransformed cells, as well as the well known role of dysregulation of the eIF4E/4E-BP system in cancer progression [59], [60], it would be of interest to determine whether the sensitivity of protein synthesis and cell proliferation to mTOR inhibitors under stress conditions is diminished in transformed cells relative to their normal counterparts and whether this is determined by the relative levels of eIF4E versus the 4E-BPs in these cells. This evidence concerns the gene EIF4E and cancer.