The discovery of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase (EGFR) activating mutations and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4/ALK) gene translocations in adenocarcinoma has shifted the focus from histological subtypes to targetable mutations (3–, , 6). The gene discussed is EML4; the disease is adenocarcinoma.