NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia: Thus, a very recent study identified a subset of AML patients with normal karyotype and nonmutated NPM1 and with a stem cell signature, characterized by an heptad of transcription factors (SCL, LYL1, LMO2, GATA2, RUNX1, FLI-1, and ERG); these patients exhibit an adverse prognosis when this expression signature was associated with FLT3-ITD mutations [78].