TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Using LPS as an inflammatory stimulus, which has been associated with obesity, inslin resistance and T2D [46] and siRNA against PGC-1α, we demonstrate that LPS increases PGC-1α mediated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNFα and downstream mediators like NRF-1, NRF-2 and TFAM in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.