Our study demonstrated that the transfer of hKLK1-MSCs into mice with nephritis, reduced the numbers of renal-infiltrating macrophages and T-lymphocytes, accompanied by the down-regulation of a series of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, including RNATES, SDF-1, MCP-1, MCP-3, CCR5, MMP-2, IL-1β, IL-6, TGFβ1 and NFκB. Here, TGFB1 is linked to nephritis.