Taking together, the involvement of the TLR3/IFN-β/MDA5/CXCL10 and the RIG-I/IFN-β/MDA5/CXCL10 pathways and possible interaction between these signaling cascades may play an important role in immune and inflammatory reactions against both viral and “pseudoviral” infections [20] in human MCs, although these observations remain preliminary. The gene discussed is IFIH1; the disease is infection.