NLGN3 and autism: Many mutations in genes encoding neurexins (including hemizygous CNV deletions and missense mutations) and neuroligins (e.g., R451C for NLGN3 and a frameshift insertion mutation for NLGN4) have been associated with ASD, intellectual disability, and schizophrenia (Jamain et al., 2003; Laumonnier et al., 2004; Autism Genome Project et al., 2007; Kim et al., 2008; Walsh et al., 2008) (Table 2).