Conversely, caspase-1 seems not to be involved in the immune surveillance against Chlamydia trachomatis[76], since its activity is even required for efficient and optimal growth of chlamydial inclusions in cervical epithelial cells [77] This aspect is interesting especially in the context of an epidemiologically significant association between Chlamydia infection, persisting HPV and the development of cervical cancer [78]. This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and cervical cancer.