In order to analyze the influence of high-risk HPV on the capacity to express and secrete mature IL-1β in the context of different transformation stages of an HPV infection, we used primary human keratinocytes (PK), immortalized PK encoding individual oncoproteins of HPV16 (immE6, immE7, and immE6/E7) as well as HPV16/18-positive cervical tumor cells (CaSki, SiHa and HeLa). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is uterine cervix neoplasm.