NKG2D expression is also modulated by IL-2, which increases both NKG2D and DAP-10 expression on murine cells [19], whereas TGF-β, which is elevated in active human TB disease but declines with chemotherapy [43], [44], down-regulates NKG2D expression on human CD8+ T and NK cells [45], [46]. Here, HCST is linked to tuberculosis.