However, only less than half (17) of these enriched pathways have been reported in the arsenic CTD dataset (CTD_C009277_pathways) and 19 pathways were newly identified in the present study, including the top two most significantly altered pathways, Metabolic pathways, Proteosome (folding, sorting & degradation) and many others such as Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, PPAR signaling pathway, Pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, Hepatitis C, etc. (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene PPARA and cancer.