KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy: Hence, for patients with PCa-induced bony metastases, markers of both bone resorption [urinary N-telopeptide (uNTX), C-telopeptide type I collagen, pyridinoline cross-linked peptide and deoxypyridinoline cross-linked peptide] and bone formation [osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)] are high (Leeming et al. 2008; Seibel 2008; Saad and Lipton 2010a).