Because most of the T2DM patients maintain some endogenous insulin secretion even in late stages of disease, addition of basal insulin [neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) or long-acting insulin glargine or insulin detemir)] to the OAD if glucose control is inadequate is an effective, safe and simple approach, unless the patient is markedly hyperglycemic[15]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.