Increased usage of several CD4 + Vβ chains (Vβ3, Vβ4, Vβ5.1, Vβ5.3, Vβ8, Vβ11, Vβ18, Vβ16 and Vβ21.3) was identified sporadically in T1DM patients. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.