Whether some early intracellular signals triggered by the autocrine/paracrine mechanism, (i.e; NHE-1 activation) persist over time, we recently found enhanced oxidative stress as well as increased phosphorylation of the redox-sensitive p90RSK kinase and NHE-1 in a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy and failure promoted by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Here, SLC9A1 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.