Genotype and allele frequencies in Jewish populations were different from non-Jewish populations, except for a certain similarity to Caucasians.37 Ostrovsky et al. found an association of heparanase gene SNPs with hematological malignancies.38 Genotype frequency comparisons revealed a significant association of specific SNPs with multiple myeloma (MM), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. The gene discussed is HPSE; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.