Extracellular vesicles from lung cancer cells can activate the expression of pro-angiogenic factors, including IL-8, VEGF, LIF, oncostatin M, IL-11 and MMP 9 in adjacent stromal cells, “educating” the microenvironment to support lung cancer cell metastasis (Kucharzewska et al., 2013). The gene discussed is LIF; the disease is lung carcinoma.