We thus undertook to systematically review all studies, in particular controlled studies, of BDNF protein levels [in serum, plasma, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)] in anxiety disorders [acute stress disorder (ASD), agoraphobia (AGP), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), phobia, panic disorder (PD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social phobia/ social anxiety disorder (SAD)]. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is agoraphobia.