Our finding that galanin also regulates activated levels of Cdc42 (Figs 1b and 2a) is in accordance with published work demonstrating that Cdc42 regulates filopodial formation in response to extracellular cues in non-neuronal cells (Nobes and Hall 1995) and neuroblastoma cells (Kozma et al. This evidence concerns the gene GAL and neuroblastoma.