Levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-a dropped, mRNA and protein expression of E-sel, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in the aorta of rabbits were respectively down-regulated by the treatment of kaempferol, indicating that kaempferol can prevent atherosclerosis by alleviating vascular inflammation. Here, IL1B is linked to atherosclerosis.