Immunohistochemistry analysis using anti-CCAR1 antibody confirmed that CCAR1 expression was much weaker in tumor specimens derived from LNCaP-LUC/shCCAR1 grown in mice when compared with LNCaP-LUC/shNS tumors, indicating that CCAR1 depletion was maintained during the tumor formation in mice (Supplementary Figure 10C). Here, CCAR1 is linked to neoplasm.