TNF and acute respiratory distress syndrome: TNFα (814 (506-2,499) vs. 287 (111-1,315) pg/mL; P = 0.04), sPLA2 activity (430 (253-600) vs. 149 (61-387) IU/mL; P = 0.01), and FFA (4.3 (2.8-8.6) vs. 2 (0.8-4.6) μM; P = 0.026) are higher in ELF of ARDS patients than in controls.