Sodium butyrate, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, has been reported that it could provide an anti-inflammatory effect and could inhibit HMGB1 expression in sepsis [20], ischemic stroke [21], myocardial ischemia/reperfusion [22], and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI [23]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is Sepsis.