Although this study was limited by the comparison of adult ARDS patients with pediatric cystic fibrosis patients and the fact that BALF was obtained from cystic fibrosis patients during a bronchoscopy performed because of increased respiratory symptoms suggestive of new infection, the difference in expression ratio suggest an important role for S100A12 in the onset of acute neutrophilic lung inflammation [19]. This evidence concerns the gene S100A12 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.