It is also important to note that apart from tumor cells' STAT3, a paracrine STAT3 activation in immune cells microenvironment may derive local MMP-9 expression which compliments to the pathobiology of human cervical high grade lesions [59] and somatic loss of STAT3 impairs HPV-induced tumorigenesis in cutaneous HPV models [60]. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is neoplasm.