INS and metabolic syndrome: Also, when we only excluded the patients with diabetes who were on insulin, HOMA insulin resistance scores were significantly higher in patients with the MetS than in subjects without the MetS (5.4 ± 4.0 vs. 2.9 ± 2.3; p <0.001) but were again not significantly different between the patients with sonographically proven PAD and controls (2.7 ± 1.5 vs. 2.6 ± 2.0; p = 0.599).