The interaction of the HMGB1 protein released from dying tumor cells with Toll-like receptor 4 on dendritic cells is required for the crosspresentation of tumor antigens and the promotion of tumor-specific cytotoxic Tcell responses [27,28], which are selectively involved in the crosspriming of anti-tumor T lymphocytes in vivo[29,30]. Here, TLR4 is linked to neoplasm.