TP53 and cancer: In fact, previous studies have suggested that the chemopreventive effect of ω-3 fatty acids on cancer growth might rely on anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-angiogenic activities [36, 55–58], and our preliminary data of VEGF, bcl2 and P53 expression in bladder cancer tissue of omega-3 treated rats (data not shown) also suggest those properties, recommending additional research.