Although LGF treatment induced a transient increase in microglia and TNF-alpha levels, present data show that chronic administration of LGF reduced neuroinflamation and partially protects DA neurons from 6-OHDA neurotoxicity, which is consistent with the beneficial effects of several treatments (paroxetine, ketogenic diet) that are due to an inhibition of microglial activation and a reduced expression of TNF-alpha in an experimental model of PD [67], [68]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Parkinson disease.