Thus, this study was designed to investigate the association of components of MetSyn with the presence of polymorphisms in VDR gene [VDR 1544410 A > G (BsmI); VDR 2228570 C > T (FokI)] in Brazilian adults and has demonstrated associations between VDR gene polymorphisms with insulin secretion, insulin resistance and HDL-cholesterol, suggesting that these polymorphisms can affect metabolic syndrome phenotype. This evidence concerns the gene VDR and metabolic syndrome.