With respect to CVB3-induced myocarditis, we demonstrated that both i.v. application of MSCs [127] and of CardAPs [86] resulted in an induction of Tregs, whose protective effects in myocarditis have been consistently demonstrated [60, 61] and in a raise of splenic apoptotic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is myocarditis.