Importantly, when in vitro core peptide-activated BC10 T cells (1×107/mouse) were adoptively transferred into HBV transgenic mice (lineage 1.3.32) that express all of the HBV antigens and replicate HBV in the liver and kidney [19], they inhibited HBV replication, and caused liver disease on day 1 after adoptive transfer (data not shown) as previously described after adoptive transfer of polyclonal COR93-specific effector memory CD8+ cells [21]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is liver disorder.