CD4 and tuberculosis: Moreover, in a recent meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of ART on TB incidence in developing countries, including the HPTN 052 RCT (where 54% of participants were from sub-Saharan Africa), ART was strongly associated with a reduction in tuberculosis incidence in adults with CD4+ counts above 350 cells/μL, with no evidence for heterogeneity of effect across the three studies [9].