Although it has been described that IL-1 can play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, developmental diseases such as schizophrenia (Meyer, 2011) or even stress (Goshen and Yirmiya, 2009) most disease states that have been clearly linked with IL-1β mediated inflammation fall into the category of auto-inflammatory diseases, which are to be distinguished from the classic autoimmune diseases. The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is autoimmune disease.