PTGS2 and prostate cancer: In addition, AA has been shown to induce 11 genes regulated by NFκB in a human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 including COX-2, IκBa, NFκB, granulocyte macrophage stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-1B, CXCL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, LTA, IL-8, PPARγ, PPARδ, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1).