Recently, genome-wide association (GWA) studies have shown three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1051730, rs16969968 and rs8034191 in the CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene cluster, which encodes the nAChR subunits) to be related to lung cancer risk and smoking consumption and addiction behaviors in people of European descent [10]–[13]. This evidence concerns the gene CHRNA5 and lung cancer.