We have recently shown that raloxifene alone could induce a significant increase in circulating i-PTH, which might diminish the beneficial effect of raloxifene on BMD, and that the addition of alfacalcidol to raloxifene demonstrated a greater bone sparing effect by normalizing serum i-PTH level than raloxifene alone therapy in postmenopausal Japanese women with osteoporosis or osteopenia (3). The gene discussed is PTH; the disease is osteoporosis.