CD4 and tuberculosis: However, despite the overall lower baseline CD4+ count of the healthy Ethiopians[33], and the lower CD4+ count at ART start (197 cells/ μl ) in HIV patients without TB in this study, the increase in CD4+ cells after two years on ART (332 cells/μl) was comparable with a recent report from Ethiopia[34], and other reports from Africa[24], in low-income countries (Africa, Latin America and Asia)[35], and the United States[27,36].