The aim of this observational cohort study which comprised three clinical groups including HIV + TB+, HIV + TB-, and HIV-TB + patients, and two control groups including HIV-TST+, and HIV-TST- individuals , was to evaluate the long-term outcome of HAART by comprehensively measuring key parameters including mortality, virologic and immunologic responses, and Mtb specific immune restoration by measuring IFN-γ production in response to Early Secretory Antigenic Target-6/Culture Filtrate Protein-10 (ESAT-6/CFP-10). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and tuberculosis.