Moreover, in the analyses for four cancers combined, as well as individual lung cancer and breast cancer, patients with an increased Hb level showed an even more prominent adverse survival compared to those with a decreased Hb, with an HR of 1.53 versus 1.35, 1.59 versus 1.25, and 1.65 versus 1.45, respectively (Table 2). Here, GSTM1 is linked to breast cancer.