HLA-G and HIV-1 infection: Although myeloid dendritic cells are the major producers of HLA-G, together with plasmacytoid dendritic cells [51], Hazenberg et al. in 2010 demonstrated that elevated levels of sHLA-G mediate the dysfunction of the myeloid dendritic cells through the binding to the myelomonocytic MHC-I receptor ILT4 during the progression of the HIV-1 infection.