Previous studies using other methods also described that one or more of the following cytokines/chemokines were elevated in the blood of severe HFMD patients: anti-inflammatory IL-10; pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-2, IL-13, and IFN-γ; pleiotropic IL-6; and IP-10 and MCP-1 chemokines [1], [2], [7]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and hand, foot and mouth disease.