However, the major allele of rs4299376 of ABCG8, which was very significantly associated with surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption, was nominally associated with elevated fasting glucose in 5,639 men in cross-sectional analysis of the METSIM cohort (P = 0.022), but not with the worsening of hyperglycemia or the development of incident type 2 diabetes in our follow-up study, probably due to a relatively small sample size in our follow-up study. This evidence concerns the gene ABCG8 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.