For all these reasons, HMGB1 is actually considered a potent inflammatory mediator and has been implicated in several inflammatory and auto-immune disorders, such as sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, myositis, diabetes and, ultimately, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [1], [13]–[17]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.