The main findings of our study were: 1) individuals with the FTO rs9939609 TA genotype had a significant 1.5-fold increased risk of pancreatic cancer compared with those with the TT genotype; and 2) a combination of the FTO rs9939609 TA/AA genotype and a history of diabetes significantly increased the pancreatic cancer risk, with an OR of 3.70 (95%CI: 1.59–8.63). The gene discussed is FTO; the disease is diabetes mellitus.