The goal of this study was to study the mechanism that induces the hepatoprotective activity of Phyllanthus niruri ethanol extract in protecting liver cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide in Sprague Dawley rats by monitoring the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ1), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP1), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP2), and collagen alpha (Collα1) gene expression by real-time PCR. This evidence concerns the gene TIMP1 and cirrhosis of liver.