TNF and infection: To verify that C6 and K7 impaired IFN-β, TNF-α, MIP-1α and IFN-β-dependent gene expression in innate immune cells, we infected human moDCs with 1 PFU/cell of MVA-WT, MVA-B, MVA-B ΔC6L and MVA-B ΔC6L/K7R and measured IFN-β, TNF-α, MIP-1α, IFIT1 and IFIT2 mRNA levels 6 h post-infection (Figure 2B).