Increased impedance and reduced blood flow in the uterine arteries associated with subsequent development of pregnancy complications characterized by spiral artery vasculopathy (preeclampsia, IUGR, IUFD) (3, 51,52).Also, reduced uteroplacental blood flow is more prevalent in women with elevated mid-trimester ms-hCG and/or ms-AFP levels and may be a useful marker for the subset of women with increased risk to develop pregnancy complications (late fetal loss, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, IUGR, preterm delivery and IUFD) (3, 23, 48, 53, 54). The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is fetal growth restriction.