Since the protective action of IL-6 in listeriosis includes the recruitment of myeloid cells [7], the cellular composition of hepatic inflammatory infiltrates was determined in Cyld−/− and WT mice at day 5 p.i. Flow cytometry revealed a significant increase of Ly6Ghigh CD11bhigh granulocytes, F4/80+ CD11b+ macrophages and CD8+ CD3+ T cells in livers of Lm-infected Cyld−/− mice (Fig. 2H, Fig. S1). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and listeriosis.