Moreover, intestinal anthrax infection in mice did not lead to activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (i.e., CD44+CD62L− and/or CD69+, Figures S2A and S2B), B220+ B cells (MHCII+ or CD40+, Figures S2C and S2D) or CD11c+ dendritic cells (MHCII+, CD80+, and/or CD86+, Figures S2E and S2F) obtained from mesenteric lymph node cells 48 h following gavage of Bacillus anthracis compared to those obtained from PBS-treated animals. Here, CD69 is linked to anthrax infection.